- Events: German Physicist Johann Heinrich Schultz scientifically establishes light sensitivity of silver salts.
1756
- Events: Voigtländer founded by Johann Christoph Voigtländer in Vienna.
1765
- Artists: Joseph Nicéphore Niépce is born.
1777
- Events: Swedish chemist Carl Wilhelm Scheele studies the properties of of silver chloride.
1786
- Events: Physionotrace invented by Gilles Louis Chrétien.
1787
- Artists: Louis Daguerre is born.
1795
- Artists: Julien Vallou Villenueve is born.
1800
- Artists: William Henry Fox Talbot, photography’s first successful printmaker is born.
1807
- Events: The camera lucida is invented by William Hyde Wollaston.
1814
- Events: Julien Vallou Villenueve starts his career at the Salon of 1814.
1815
- Artists: Julia Margaret Cameron is born.
1816
- Events: Carl Zeiss is born.
1825
- Events: The first known photograph is produced by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce.
1826
- Events: Daguerre’s interest in photography begins.
- Works: View from the Window at Le Gras by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce.
1829
- Artists: Carleton E. Watkins, noted 19th century California photographer is born.
- Events: Niépce and Daguerre join articles of partnership.
1830
- Artists: Eadweard Muybridge is born.
1833
- Artists: Joseph Nicéphore Niépce dies.
- Events: Isidore Niépce inherits partnership with Daguerre. William Henry Fox Talbot comes upon the idea of photography.
1837
- Events: First Daguerrotype made.
1839
- Events: First public demonstration of the daguerrotype process takes place in Paris, France. John Benjamin Dancer is one of the first to produce micro-photographs using the daguerreotype process.
1840
- Events: The Petzval lens is developed by Joseph Petzva and produced by Voigtländer Optical Company. Talbot perfects the calotype process. Hippolyte Fizeau introduces the practice of gold toning daguerrotypes.
1841
- Cameras: Voigtländer produces the world’s first all-metal daguerrotype camera.
- Events: Talbot patents the calotype in Great Britain.
1843
- Events: Carl Dauthenday becomes a professional daguerrotypist.
1844
- Artists: Thomas Cowperthwait Eakins is born.
1846
- Events: Carl Zeiss AG founded by Carl Zeiss, Ernst Abbe, and Otto Schott in Jena, Germany.
1849
- Events: Voigtländer sets up a branch office in Braunschweig, Germany.
1851
- Artists: Louis Daguerre dies.
- Events: Collodion process comes into use.
1858
- Events: John Waterhouse invents a system of interchangeable aperture disks.
1864
- Artists: Fred Holland Day, Alfred Stieglitz are born.
1866
- Artists: Julien Vallou Villenueve dies.
1871
- Artists: Clarence Hudson White is born.
1879
- Works: Sallie Gardner at a Gallop, Eadweard Muybridge.
1879
- Artists: Edward Steichen is born, most known for platinum prints. Julia Margaret Cameron dies.
1882
- Artists: Alvin Langdon Coburn is born.
1883
- Artists: Imogen Cunningham is born.
1884
- Artists: John Paul Edwards is born.
- Events: Schott AG founded by Otto Schott, Ernst Abbe, Carl Zeiss and Roderich Zeiss in Jena, Germany.
1885
- Events: George Eastman invents roll film.
- Movements: Pictorialism begins.
1886
- Artists: Edward Weston is born.
1888
- Events: Carl Zeiss dies.
1890
- Artists: May Ray, Paul Strand are born.
- Movements: Art Nouveau begins.
1893
- Works: The Terminal, Winter - Fifth Avenue, Afred Steiglitz.
1894
- Works: Venetian Canal, Alfred Steiglitz.
1895
- Artists: Dorothea Lange is born.
1898
- Artists: Alfred Eisenstaedt is born.
1899
- Artists: Arthur Felig (Weegee), Gyula Halász (Brassaï) are born.
1900
- Events: 117 film format introduced by Kodak for their first Brownie camera, the No.1 Brownie.
1901
- Events: 120 film introduced by Kodak for their Brownie No. 2.
1902
- Artists: Ansel Adams is born.
- Movements: Photo Secession begins.
- Works: Spring Showers, The Coach, Alfred Steiglitz
1904
- Artists: Margaret Bourke-White is born. Eadweard Muybridge dies.
1905
- Movements: Art Nouveau ends.
- Works: Going to the Start, Alfred Steiglitz.
1907
- Movements: Cubism begins.
- Works: The Steerage, Afred Steiglitz.
1908
- Artists: Henri Cartier-Bresson is born.
1912
- Events: Industrie- und Handelsgesellschaft (Industry and Trade Society) founded by Dutchman Johan Steenbergen in Dresden, Germany. The name is shortened to Ihagee.
1913
- Cameras: The first Leica prototypes are built by Oskar Barnack in Wetzlar, Germany.
1914
- Movements: Dadaism begins. Pictorialism, Futurism end.
1916
- Artists: Carleton E. Watkins dies.
1917
- Artists: Irving Penn is born.
- Events: Nippon Kōgaku Kōgyō Kabushikigaisha (Nikon) Founded.
- Movements: Photo Secession ends.
1918
- Works: Portrait of Georgia O’Keefe, Alfred Steiglitz.
1919
- Events: Takachiho Seisakusho (Olympus Corporation) founded by Takeshi Yamashita.
- Movements: Cubism ends.
1920
- Events: Rollei founded by Paul Franke and Reinhold Heidecke in Braunschweig, Germany.
1921
- Artists: Ernst Haas is born.
1922
- Movements: Dadaism ends.
1925
- Artists: Clarence Hudson White dies.
- Events: George McCarthy is issued a patent for his “Checkograph” machine, designed to make micrographic copies of cancelled checks.
- Movements: Art Deco begins
1928
- Events: Nichi-Doku Shashinki Shōten “Japanese-German photo company” (Minolta Co., Ltd.) established by Kazuo Tashima. Eastman Kodak Company buys George McCarthy’s Checkograph invention and begins marketing check microfilming devices under its “Recordak” division.
1929
- Cameras: The “Nifcarette” (ニフカレッテ), Minolta’s first “bellows” camera.
1931
- Events: 620 film format introduced by Kodak as an intended alternative to 120.
1932
- Cameras: Contax I.
- Events: 616 film format Introduced by Kodak for the Kodak Six-16 camera. Nikkor brand name introduced.
- Movements: Group f.64 is formed.
1933
- Artists: Fred Holland Day dies.
- Cameras: VP Exakta. The VP Exakta is the first single-lens reflex camera (SLR) by Ihagee Kamerawerk in Dresden, Germany. It uses 127 roll film.
1935
- Cameras: Hansa Canon.
- Movements: Group f.64 disbands.
- Works: Allie Mae Burroughs, Walker Evans.
1936
- Cameras: Contax II, III; Kine Exakta by Ihagee.
- Events: Kodachrome introduced by Eastman Kodak, the first 35mm color film.
- Works: Migrant Mother, Dorothea Lange
1937
- Cameras: Original Riga Minox.
- Events: Precision Optical Instruments Laboratory (predecessor of Canon Inc.) founded by Takeshi Mitarai, Goro Yoshida, Saburo Uchida and Takeo Maeda in Tokyo, Japan.
1938
- Cameras: Kodak Retina I. The Retina I marks the debut of the 135 film cartridge.
1939
- Cameras: Canon S rangefinder.
1940
- Artists: Galen Avery Rowell, noted wilderness photographer and climber is born.
- Movements: Art Deco ends.
1941
- Works: Moonrise, Hernandez, New Mexico by Ansel Adams.
1942
- Events: Takachiho Seisakusho (Olympus Corporation) renamed Takachiho Optical Co., Ltd.
1943
- Artists: Patrick Demarchelier is born near Paris.
- Works: The Critic, Weegee
1945
- Cameras: Canon S-I rangefinder.
- Events: Study of camera production begins at Nikon.
- Works: Naked City, Weegee
1946
- Artists: Alfred Stieglitz dies.
- Cameras: Canon J-II rangefinder.
- Events: Nikon begins prototyping a TLR and small-size 35mm camera.
1947
- Cameras: Minolta SR-2. The SR-2 is Minolta’s first and long-lived 35mm rangefinder.
- Events: Precision Optical Instruments Laboratory is renamed Canon Camera Co., Inc. Nikon suspends development of TLR due to a problem with the shutter. Development is subsequently halted in favor of the smaller 35mm camera.
1948
- Cameras: The Nikon I, a 35mm rangefinder modeled after the pre-war Leica and Contax is introduced. It has uses a Contax bayonet lens mount, a Leica-style horizontal focal plane shutter, and has a 24mm x 32mm frame size, the “Nikon Format” copied from the Minolta SR-2.
1949
- Cameras: Contax S, Nikon M. The Contax S is the first pentaprism SLR. The Nikon M is the successor to the Nikon I with a revised film advance (but not frame size) to conform to US automatic slide cutting machines.
- Events: Takachiho Optical Co., Ltd. renamed Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.
1950
- Artists: Steve McCurry is born.
- Cameras: Nikon S, successor to the Nikon M, with flash syncronization added.
- Events: Taisei Optical Equipment Manufacturing (Tamron) is established in Urawa-city.
1954
- Cameras: Leica M3, employing the Leica M-Mount, still in use today.
1955
- Events: Nikon launches a program for the devlopment of a 35mm SLR, in conjunction with the SP and S3 Rangefinder.
1957
- Events: The T-Mount system is introduced by Tamron.
1958
- Artists: Edward Weston dies.
- Cameras: Canon P rangefinder; Minolta SR-2. The SR-2 is Minolta’s first SLR.
- Events: Tamron introduces the T-mount system and the first T-mount lens, the 135mm F/4.5.
1959
- Cameras: Canonflex; Nikon F; Oympus PEN. The Canonflex is Canon’s first 35mm SLR to use the R-Mount. The Nikon F is Nikon’s first 35mm SLR, and used the F-Mount, still in use today. The Olympus PEN is a half-frame 35mm camera.
- Events: Nikoh, the forerunner of Cosina is established.
1960
- Cameras: Canonflex R2000; Diana, produced by the Great Wall Plastic Co. in China.
- Events: Color photography eclipses black and white for the first time. Voigtländer introduces the first zoom lens.
1961
- Cameras: Canonflex RP, Canon 7 rangefinder.
1962
- Cameras: Canonflex RM.
1964
- Cameras: Canon FX, FP; Leicaflex. The FXand FP are Canon’s first 35mm SLRs to use the new FL-Mount, which replaces the R-Mount. The Leicaflex is Leica’s first 35mm SLR.
1965
- Artists: Dorothea Lange dies.
- Cameras: Canon Pellix, 7s; Voigtländer Vitrona. The Pellix is the first 35mm SLR to feature a pellicle mirror. The Vitrona is the first 35mm compact camera with built-in electronic flash.
- Events: Zeiss and Voigtländer merge.
1966
- Artists: Alvin Langdon Coburn dies.
- Cameras: Canon FTQL, Pellix QL; Rollei.
- Events: Tamron introduces the Adapt A-Matic universal lens mount system. Nikoh (Cosina) begins manufacturing compact 35mm cameras.
1967
- Cameras: Canon 7sZ rangefinder; Leica M4; Nikon F Photomic TN.
1968
- Artists: John Paul Edwards, Arthur Felig (Weegee) die.
- Cameras: Canon TL; Nikon Photomic FTN.
- Events: Nikoh (Cosina) starts a glassworks.
1969
- Events: Nikoh (Cosina) begin manufacturing 35mm SLR cameras. The charge-coupled device (CCD) is invented at AT&T Bell Labs. Gil Amelio is part of the development team.
1970
- Events: Taisei Optical changes its company name to Tamron Co., Ltd.
1971
- Artists: Margaret Bourke-White dies.
- Cameras: Canon F-1, FTb; Leica M5; Nikon F2. The F-1, FTb are Canon’s first SLRs to use the FD-Mount, replacing the FL-Mount.
- Events: Gil Amelio moves to Fairchild Semiconductor, leading development of the first commercial CCD image sensors.
1972
- Cameras: Canon F-1 High Speed, OD F-1; Olympus OM-1. Nikon retires the F series 35mm SLR. The F-1 High Speed is a pellicle-mirror SLR introduced for the 1972 Olympics.
- Events: Minolta and Leica enter into an agreement for SLR development. Samyang Optics Company Limited founded in Korea.
1973
- Artists: Edward Steichen dies.
- Cameras: Canon FTbn, EF, Leica CL, a compact, 35mm rangefinder developed jointly with Minolta.
- Events: Rollei purchases the Voigtländer company. “Kodachrome” by Paul Simon makes it onto Billboard’s Hot 100 Chart. Tamron introduces the Adaptall lens mount system. Nikoh changes its name to Cosina.
1974
- Cameras: Canon TLb; Nikon F retired.
1975
- Cameras: Canon TX; Olympus OM-2.
- Events: First working digital camera created by Kodak. Contax/Yashica (C/Y) Mount introduced with the first Contax SLR camera.
1976
- Artists: Imogen Cunningham, Man Ray die.
- Cameras: Canon F-1n, AE-1, AT-1; Minolta 110 SLR; Nikon F2/T, F2H; The F2/T is a titanium version of the F2, and the F2H is a high-speed, pellicle-mirror SLR.
1977
- Cameras: Nikon FM.
- Lenses: Nikon introduced the Ai lens.
1978
- Cameras: Canon A-1; Nikon FE.
1979
- Cameras: Canon AV-1; Olympus OM-10.
- Lenses: Canon introduces the New FD Mount; Nikon introduces the E Series lens.
- Events: Tamron introduces the Adaptall 2 Mount, a vast improvement in reliability over the original Adaptall system.
1980
- Cameras: Nikon F3, EM, Nikonos IV-A. Cosina CX1, CX2 announced in the French Press. Nikon F2 retired.
- Events: Flash memory invented by Dr. Fujio Masuoka of Toshiba.
1981
- Cameras: Canon New F-1, AE-1 Program; Minolta CLE. The CLE is a compact 35mm M-Mount rangefinder developed jointly with Leica.
- Lenses: Nikon introduces the Ai-S lens.
1982
- Cameras: Canon AL-1; Cosina CX-2; Nikon F3/T; FM2; Asahi Pentax Auto 110 Super SLR. Nikon retires the FM. The F3/T is a natural-finish Titanium version of the F3HP.
- Events: Kodak introduces disc film. Rollei goes out of business. SyQuest develops the removable hard disk.
1983
- Cameras: Canon T50; Nikon FE2, FA, F3AF, Olympus OM-3, OM-4. The F3AF is Nikon’s first autofocus SLR, not compatible with it’s future AF lens series.
- Events: Kyocera takes over Yashica, maker of Yashica and Contax brands. Gil Amelio leaves Fairchild Semiconductor to join Rockwell.
1984
- Artists: Ansel Adams, Gyula Halász (Brassaï) die.
- Cameras: Canon T70; Leica M6, Lomo LC-A. Canon AE-1 retired after eight years of production.
- Lenses: Nikkor 20mm f/2.8.
- Works: Steve McCurry takes portrait of Sharbat Gula, the “Afghan Girl” for National Geographic magazine, using Kodachrome film.
1985
- Cameras: Canon T80; Canon A-1 discontinued after seven years of production.
- Events: The magneto-optical drive is commercially introduced. The Yellow Book standard is developed to adapt the CD-ROM for data storage. Steve Jobs leaves Apple Computer to found NeXT Computer.
1986
- Artists: Ernst Haas dies.
- Cameras; Canon T90; Nikon SB-20 Speedlight. The T90 is Canon’s first autofocus camera, using a system incompatible with the next generation EOS system.
- Events: Kodak leaves the instant camera market after losing patent battle with Polaroid. The Leitz company changes its name to Leica (Leitz Camera). Steve Jobs acquires the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm, Ltd, and spins it off as Pixar Animation Studios.
- Lenses: Nikon introduces the AF lens.
1987
- Cameras: Canon EOS 650, 620; Nikon F4, SB-22 Speedlight. The EOS 650 is the first Canon autofocus 35mm SLR to use the EF-mount, replacing the FD-mount.
1988
- Cameras: Canon EOS 750QD, 850QD; Nikon F4, SB-23, 24 Speedlights. The F4 is Nikon’s first autofocus SLR.
- Events: Nippon Kōgaku Kōgyō Kabushikigaisha company renamed “Nikon”. First NOR type flash memory chip introduced by Intel.
- Lenses: Nikon introduces the Ai-P lens.
1989
- Cameras: Canon EOS-1;
- Lenses: AF Nikkor 20mm f/2.8 (classic 20mm updated to AF version).
1990
- Cameras: Canon T60; Nikon introduces the AF-n lens.
- Lenses: Nikon introduces the AF-n lens.
1991
- Cameras: Kodak DCS 100, the first 1.3MP DSLR based on the Nikon F3.
- Events: Lomography founded. Gil Amelio leaves Rockwell to join National Semiconductor as CEO.
1992
- Cameras: Kodak DCS-200; Nikon SB-25 Speedlight.
- Lenses: Nikon introduces the AF-D and AF-I lenses.
1994
- Cameras: Apple QuickTake 100; Canon EOS-1N; Contax G1; Kodak DCS-420, 460; Nikon SB-26 Speedlight; Sony Mavica Digital Camera. The G1 is the world’s first autofocus Rangefinder.
- Events: Iomega introduces the Zip disk, a medium capacity, flexible magnetic storage medium. SanDisk introduced the CompactFlash card. Gil Amelio joins Apple Board of Directors.
- Lenses: AF Nikkor 20mm f/2.8D (classic 20mm is updated with distance information).
1995
- Cameras: Apple QuickTake 150; Canon EOS-1N RS.
- Artists: Alfred Eisenstaedt dies.
- Events: Iomega introduces the Jaz disk, a high capacity, flexible magnetic storage medium. SmartMedia, the first NAND-based removable media format is introduced.
1996
- Cameras: Apple QuickTake 200; Canon ELPH; Contax G2 autofocus rangefinder; Fuji DS-7; Kodak DCS-410; Nikon F5; Samsung Kenox SSC-350N. Nikon F4 retired. The Canon ELPH uses the APS film format.
- Events: Kodak invents the world’s first 1.4 MP digital sensor. Leica acquires Minox. Gil Amelio resigns as CEO of National Semiconductor and joins Apple Computer as CEO. NeXT is acquired by Apple Computer, providing the NeXTSTEP code base from which Mac OS X was developed.
1997
- Cameras: Nikon SB-27, 28 Speedlights.
- Events: Apple discontinues the Apple QuickTake camera line. The CD-RW (Compact Disc-ReWritable) format is introduced. Siemens AG and SanDisk unveil the MultiMediaCard standard. Gil Amelio resigns as CEO of Apple Computer, and Steve Jobs becomes interim CEO of Apple Computer.
1998
- Cameras: Kodak DCS-315, 330; Holga S.
- Events: Sony introduces the Memory Stick memory card.
- Lenses: Nikon introduces the AF-S lens.
1999
- Cameras: Fujifilm S1 Pro; Kodak DCS-620, 660; Nikon D1 (DX D-SLR), SB-28DX Speedlight; Konica RF Hexar; Voigtländer Bessa L (rangefinder). The RF Hexar is a compact 35mm M-Mount rangefinder. The D1 is Nikon’s lower-priced, higher resolution answer to the Kodak DCS-620.
- Events: Kodak retires disc film after seven years of production. Cosina acquires the Voitgländer brand. SanDisk, Matsushita, and Toshiba agreed to develop and market the SD Memory Card.
2000
- Cameras: Canon EOS-D30; The EOS-D30 is Canon’s lower-priced, higher resolution answer to the Kodak DCS-560, also known as the Canon EOS-D6000.
- Events: Zip media begins to fall out of favor. Steve Jobs is named CEO of Apple Computer.
- Lenses: Nikon introduces the G lens.
2001
- Cameras: Canon EOS-1v; Kodak DCS-720x, 760; Nikon FM3a (35mm SLR), D1X, D1H (DX DSLRs), SB-50DX Speedlight. Nikon F3 retired. The FM3a is the last of the manual focus 35mm SLRs manufactured by Nikon
- Events: Management buyout renders Minox an independent company once more.
2002
- Artists: Galen Avery Rowell dies.
- Cameras: Canon EOS-3000N, 300V (35mm AF SLRs), EOS-1D, 1Ds, D60 (DSLRs); Fujifilm S2 Pro; Kodak DCS-14n; Nikon F55 (N55) (35mm AF SLR), D100 (DX DSLRs), SB-80DX Speedlight.
- Events: Iomega’s Jaz drive is officially discontinued. Olympus and Fujifilm introduce the xD-Picture Card.
2003
- Cameras: Canon EOS-3000V (35mm SLR) EOS-10D, Digital Rebel (DSLRs); Kodal DCS-760M; Nikon F75 (35mm AF SLR), D2H (DX DSLR). SB-800 Speedlight; Olympus E-P1 (FT DSLR). Konica RF Hexar rangefinder discontinued with no official notice.
- Events: Canon introduces the EF-S Mount strictly for use with EOS digital cameras, with a 1.6x crop factor for sub full-frame sensors. Olympus Optical Co., Ltd. renamed Olympus Corporation. Minolta and Konica merge, forming Konica Minolta Ltd. Steve Jobs is diagnosed with a rare form of pancreatic cancer.
2004
- Artists: Henri Cartier-Bresson dies.
- Cameras: Fujifilm S3 Pro; Kodak DCS-SLR/n; Nikon F6, SB-600 Speedlight; Zeiss Ikon (35mm rangefinder). The Ikon is manufactured in Japan by Cosina.
- Events: Kodak discontinues all film cameras except for disposables. RS-MMC (Reduced Size Multi-Media Card) introduced. Samyang merges with Japanese CCTV optical device maker Seikou.
2005
- Cameras: Canon EOS-1D Mark II N, 5D, Digital Rebel XT, 20Da (Japan); Nikon SP Limited Edition (rangefinder, Japan), D2HS, D200, D70S, D50 (DX DSLRs); Olympus E-500. Nikon F5 retired, production of Lomo LC-A ceases in Russia. The Nikon SP is a new release of the 1957 SP, limited to 2500 pieces and only available to the Japanese Market.
- Events: Konica Minolta announces a joint venture with Sony for camera sensor technologies. Kyocera discontinues all camera manufacturing, including the Contax brand.
2006
- Cameras: Canon EOS-30D, Digital Rebel XTi; Nikon D2X, D80, D40 (DX DSLRs); Olympus E-400, 330 (MFT DSLRs); Sonly Alpha A100. The A100 is Sony’s first DSLR featuring the Minolta AF lens mount.
- Events: Production of Lomo LC-A+, replacement for the original LC-A, begins in China. Camera retains Russian lens. Konica Minolta announces that all DSLR camera production will continue under Sony Management. Walt Disney acquires Pixar Animation Studios.
2007
- Cameras: Canon EOS-1D Mark III, 1Ds Mark III, 40D; Fujifilm S5 Pro, IS Pro; Nikon D3 (FX DSLR), D300, D40X DX DSLRs), Coolpix P5000, 5001 (“Bridge” Cameras); Olympus E-3, 510, 410.
- Events: Production of LC-A+ lens moves to China.
2008
- Cameras: Leica M8; Nikon D90, SB-900 Speedlight. The M8 is the world’s first digital rangefinder, and the D90 is the first DSLR to incorporate video capture.
- Events: Olympus introduces an adapter to allow its latest cameras to accept microSD cards in the xD slot.
- Lenses: Nikon introduces the PC-E lens.
2009
- Artists: Irving Penn dies.
- Cameras: Canon EOS-7D, 1D Mark IV, Rebel T1i; Nikon D3S (FX DSLR), D300S, D5000, D3000 (DX DSLR); Leica M9 (digital rangefinder); Olympus E-620, 450, PEN E-P1. The PEN E-P1 is Olympus’ first Micro Four Thirds camera in the PEN series.
- Events: Kodak retires Kodachrome film. The final roll of Kodachrome to be manufactured is tracked by Nation Geographic, and shot by photographer Steve McCurry.
2010
- Cameras: Canon EOS-60D, Rebel T2i, PowersShot G12, S95; Nikon D7000, D3100, Coolpix P7000; Olympus PEN E-P2, E-PL1; Sony Alpha A33, A55. The A33 and A55 are the first pellicle-mirror DSLRs.
- Events: Cosina joins the Micro 4/3 Group.
2011
- Cameras: Fujifilm Finepix X100, X10; Nikon D5100, Coolpix P7100, AW100; Olympus PEN E-P3; Sony Alpha NEX-7
- Events: Steve Jobs dies at age 56 in his Palo Alto home.
- Lenses: Samyang 35mm f/1.4 AS UMC, 8mm f/3.5 Fisheye CS VG10.
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